In this tutorial, we will show you how to install Wireguard on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS. For those of you who didn’t know, Wireguard is an open-source, dependable, advanced, VPN tunneling software you can install and use right now to create a secure, point-to-point connection to a server. It is cross-platform and can run almost anywhere, including Linux, Windows, Android, and macOS. Wireguard is a peer-to-peer VPN. it does not use the client-server model. Depending on its configuration, a peer can act as a traditional server or client.
This article assumes you have at least basic knowledge of Linux, know how to use the shell, and most importantly, you host your site on your own VPS. The installation is quite simple and assumes you are running in the root account, if not you may need to add ‘sudo‘ to the commands to get root privileges. I will show you the step-by-step installation of Wireguard on Ubuntu 20.04 (Focal Fossa). You can follow the same instructions for Ubuntu 18.04, 16.04, and any other Debian-based distribution like Linux Mint.
Prerequisites
- A server running one of the following operating systems: Ubuntu 20.04, 18.04, and any other Debian-based distribution like Linux Mint or elementary OS.
- It’s recommended that you use a fresh OS install to prevent any potential issues
- A
non-root sudo useror access to theroot user. We recommend acting as anon-root sudo user, however, as you can harm your system if you’re not careful when acting as the root.
Install Wireguard on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS Focal Fossa
Step 1. First, make sure that all your system packages are up-to-date by running the following apt commands in the terminal.
sudo apt update sudo apt upgrade
Step 2. Installing Wireguard on Ubuntu 20.04.
WireGuard is available from the default Ubuntu repositories. Run the following commands to install it:
sudo apt install wireguard
Step 3. Configure WireGuard.
First, run the following command to generate the key pair:
wg genkey | sudo tee /etc/wireguard/privatekey | wg pubkey | sudo tee /etc/wireguard/publickey
Then, create a new file named wg0.conf and add the following contents:
sudo nano /etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
[Interface] Address = 10.0.0.1/24 SaveConfig = true ListenPort = 51820 PrivateKey = SERVER_PRIVATE_KEY PostUp = iptables -A FORWARD -i %i -j ACCEPT; iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o ens3 -j MASQUERADE PostDown = iptables -D FORWARD -i %i -j ACCEPT; iptables -t nat -D POSTROUTING -o ens3 -j MASQUERADE
The above terms from the wg0.conf the file is defined below:
- Address – a comma-separated list of v4 or v6 IP addresses for the
wg0interface. Use IPs from a range that is reserved for private networks (10.0.0.0/8, 172.16.0.0/12, or 192.168.0.0/16). - ListenPort – the port on which WireGuard will accept incoming connections.
- PrivateKey – a private key generated by the
wg genkeycommand. (To see the contents of the file run:sudo cat /etc/wireguard/privatekey) - SaveConfig – when set to true, the current state of the interface is saved to the configuration file when shutdown.
- PostUp – command or script which is executed before bringing the interface up. In this example, we’re using iptables to enable masquerading. This will allow traffic to leave the server, giving the VPN clients access to the Internet.
- PostDown – command or script which is executed before bringing the interface down. The iptables rules will be removed once the interface is down.
The wg0.conf and private key files should not be readable to normal users. Use chmod to set the permissions to 600:
sudo chmod 600 /etc/wireguard/{privatekey,wg0.conf}
Once done, bring the wg0 interface up using the attributes specified in the configuration file:
sudo wg-quick up wg0
[#] ip link add wg0 type wireguard [#] wg setconf wg0 /dev/fd/63 [#] ip -4 address add 10.0.0.1/24 dev wg0 [#] ip link set mtu 1420 up dev wg0 [#] iptables -A FORWARD -i wg0 -j ACCEPT; iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o ens3 -j MASQUERADE
To bring the WireGuard interface at boot time run the following command:
sudo systemctl enable wg-quick@wg0
Step 4. Configure Firewall.
You need to open UDP traffic on port 51820:
sudo ufw allow 51820/udp
Finally, we can start the Wireguard service using the following command:
sudo wg-quick up wg0
Congratulations! You have successfully installed Wireguard. Thanks for using this tutorial for installing Wireguard VPN on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS Focal Fossa system. For additional help or useful information, we recommend you to check the official Wireguard website.
