How To Install LAMP Stack on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS
In this tutorial, we will show you how to install LAMP Stack on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS. For those of you who didn’t know, LAMP is an acronym for Linux, Apache, MariaDB, and PHP. It is an open-source platform and works on the Linux operating system. LAMP stack uses Apache web server, MariaDB relational database management system, and PHP object-oriented scripting language.
This article assumes you have at least basic knowledge of Linux, know how to use the shell, and most importantly, you host your site on your own VPS. The installation is quite simple and assumes you are running in the root account, if not you may need to add ‘sudo‘ to the commands to get root privileges. I will show you the step-by-step installation of the LEMP Stack on Ubuntu 22.04 (Jammy Jellyfish). You can follow the same instructions for Ubuntu 22.04 and any other Debian-based distribution like Linux Mint, Elementary OS, Pop!_OS, and more as well.
Prerequisites
- A server running one of the following operating systems: Ubuntu 22.04, 20.04, and any other Debian-based distribution like Linux Mint.
- It’s recommended that you use a fresh OS install to prevent any potential issues.
- SSH access to the server (or just open Terminal if you’re on a desktop).
- A
non-root sudo useror access to theroot user. We recommend acting as anon-root sudo user, however, as you can harm your system if you’re not careful when acting as the root.
Install LAMP Stack on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS Jammy Jellyfish
Step 1. First, make sure that all your system packages are up-to-date by running the following apt commands in the terminal.
sudo apt update sudo apt upgrade sudo apt install lsb-release ca-certificates apt-transport-https software-properties-common
Step 2. Installing Apache HTTP Server on Ubuntu 22.04.
By default, the Apache is available on Ubuntu 22.04 base repository. Now run the following command below to install the latest version of Apache to your Ubuntu system:
sudo apt install apache2 apache2-utils
After successfully installation, enable Apache (to start automatically upon system boot), start, and verify the status using the commands below:
sudo systemctl enable apache2 sudo systemctl start apache2 sudo systemctl status apache2
You can confirm the Apache2 version with the below command:
apache2 -v
Step 3. Configure Firewall.
Now we set up an Uncomplicated Firewall (UFW) with Apache to allow public access on default web ports for HTTP and HTTPS:
sudo ufw allow OpenSSH sudo ufw allow 'Apache Full' sudo ufw enable
Step 4. Accessing Apache Web Server.
Once successfully installed, open a web browser on your system and type the server’s IP in the address bar. You will get the default Apache server page:
Step 5. Installing MariaDB on Ubuntu 22.04.
By default, the MariaDB is available on Ubuntu 22.04 base repository. Now run the following command below to install the latest version of MariaDB to your Ubuntu system:
sudo apt install mariadb-server
After successfully installation, enable MariaDB (to start automatically upon system boot), start, and verify the status using the commands below:
sudo systemctl enable mariadb sudo systemctl start mariadb sudo systemctl status mariadb
Confirm the installation and check the installed build version of MariaDB:
mariadb --version
Step 6. Secure MariaDB installation.
By default, MariaDB is not hardened. You can secure MariaDB using the mysql_secure_installation script. you should read and below each step carefully which will set a root password, remove anonymous users, disallow remote root login, and remove the test database and access to secure MariaDB:
mysql_secure_installation
Configure it like this:
- Set root password? [Y/n] y - Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y - Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] y - Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y - Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y
You can now connect to the MariaDB server using the new password:
mysql -u root -p
Output:
Enter password: Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 46 Server version: 10.6.7-MariaDB-2ubuntu1 Ubuntu 22.04 Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]>
Step 7. Installing PHP on Ubuntu 22.04.
By default, the PHP is not available on Ubuntu 22.04 base repository. Now run the following command below to add the Ondrej PPA to your system:
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php
After the repository was added, Update the APT index then install PHP 8.1 using the following command below:
sudo apt update sudo apt install php8.1 php8.1-common libapache2-mod-php8.1 php8.1-cli php8.1-fpm php8.1-xml
Check PHP version information:
php --version
Output:
PHP 8.1.5 (cli) (built: May 20 2022 17:46:36) (NTS)
Copyright (c) The PHP Group
Zend Engine v4.1.5, Copyright (c) Zend Technologies
with Zend OPcache v8.1.5, Copyright (c), by Zend Technologies
Step 8. Create Apache Virtualhost.
First, create a root directory to hold your website’s files:
sudo mkdir -p /var/www/html/domain.com/
Then, change the ownership and group of the directory:
sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/html/domain.com/
After that, we create an Apache virtual host to serve the HTTP version of the website:
sudo nano /etc/apache2/sites-available/www.domain.com.conf
Add the following file:
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerName domain.com
ServerAlias www.domain.com
ServerAdmin admin@domain.com
DocumentRoot /var/www/html/www.domain.com
ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/www.domain.com_error.log
CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/www.domain.com_access.log combined
<Directory /var/www/html/www.domain.com>
Options FollowSymlinks
AllowOverride All
Require all granted
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
Save and close the file, then restart the Apache webserver so that the changes take place:
sudo a2ensite www.domain.com.conf sudo a2enmod ssl rewrite sudo systemctl restart apache2
Step 9. Secure Apache with Let’s Encrypt on Ubuntu 22.04.
First of all, you need to install Certbot to get an SSL certificate with Let’s Encrypt:
sudo apt install certbot python3-certbot-apache
Next, get your SSL certificate with Let’s Encrypt by following these steps:
sudo certbot --apache
You will need to follow the interactive prompt and install the certificate. Since I have two domains, I will install SSL certificates for both domains:
Saving debug log to /var/log/letsencrypt/letsencrypt.log Enter email address (used for urgent renewal and security notices) (Enter 'c' to cancel): admin@domain.com - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Please read the Terms of Service at https://letsencrypt.org/documents/LE-SA-v1.2-November-15-2017.pdf. You must agree in order to register with the ACME server. Do you agree? - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - (Y)es/(N)o: Y - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Would you be willing, once your first certificate is successfully issued, to share your email address with the Electronic Frontier Foundation, a founding partner of the Let's Encrypt project and the non-profit organization that develops Certbot? We'd like to send you email about our work encrypting the web, EFF news, campaigns, and ways to support digital freedom. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - (Y)es/(N)o: N Account registered. Which names would you like to activate HTTPS for? - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1: domain.com 2: www.domain.com - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Select the appropriate numbers separated by commas and/or spaces, or leave input blank to select all options shown (Enter 'c' to cancel): 1,2 Requesting a certificate for domain.com and www.domain.com Successfully received certificate. Certificate is saved at: /etc/letsencrypt/live/domain.com/fullchain.pem Key is saved at: /etc/letsencrypt/live/domain.com/privkey.pem This certificate expires on 2022-12-10. These files will be updated when the certificate renews. Certbot has set up a scheduled task to automatically renew this certificate in the background. Deploying certificate Successfully deployed certificate for domain.com to /etc/apache2/sites-available/www.domain.com-le-ssl.conf Successfully deployed certificate for www.domain.com to /etc/apache2/sites-available/www.domain.com-le-ssl.conf Congratulations! You have successfully enabled HTTPS on https://domain.com and https://www.domain.com - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - If you like Certbot, please consider supporting our work by: * Donating to ISRG / Let's Encrypt: https://letsencrypt.org/donate * Donating to EFF: https://eff.org/donate-le - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Step 10. Auto-Renewal SSL.
Let’s Encrypt certificates have 90 days of validity, and it is highly advisable to renew the certificates before they expire. You can test automatic renewal for your certificates by running this command:
sudo certbot renew --dry-run
Output:
Saving debug log to /var/log/letsencrypt/letsencrypt.log - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Processing /etc/letsencrypt/renewal/domain.com.conf - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Account registered. Simulating renewal of an existing certificate for domain.com and www.domain.com - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Congratulations, all simulated renewals succeeded: /etc/letsencrypt/live/domain.com/fullchain.pem (success) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Step 11. Test PHP.
To test PHP scripts we need to add the info.php file in the document:
nano /var/www/html/www.domain.com/info.php
Add the following to the file:
<?php phpinfo(); ?>
Let’s make sure that the server correctly displays the content generated by the PHP script by opening this page in the browser: https://www.domain.com/info.php
Congratulations! You have successfully installed LAMP. Thanks for using this tutorial for installing the LEMP Stack on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS Jammy Jellyfish system. For additional help or useful information, we recommend you check the official LAMP website.
